See comander in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Haitian Creole",
"lang_code": "ht",
"word": "kòmande"
},
{
"lang": "Northern Kurdish",
"lang_code": "kmr",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "komandar"
},
{
"lang": "Portuguese",
"lang_code": "pt",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "comandar"
},
{
"lang": "Romanian",
"lang_code": "ro",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "comanda"
}
],
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"word": "commander"
}
],
"lang": "Middle French",
"lang_code": "frm",
"word": "commander"
},
{
"lang": "Norman",
"lang_code": "nrm",
"word": "c'mander"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"word": "command"
},
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "command"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "comaunden"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"word": "command"
},
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "command"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "comanden"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"word": "command"
},
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "command"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "commaunden"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"word": "command"
},
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "command"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "commanden"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"word": "command"
},
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "command"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "comaunde"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"word": "command"
},
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "command"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "comande"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"word": "command"
},
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "command"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "commaunde"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": ":inh",
"3": "la:commando<alt:commandāre>",
"id": "command",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *ḱe\nProto-Indo-European *ḱóm\nProto-Italic *kom\nProto-Italic *kom-\nLatin con-\nProto-Indo-European *(s)meh₂-der.\nProto-Italic *manus\nProto-Indo-European *dʰeh₁-\nProto-Indo-European *dʰéh₁tder.\nProto-Italic *-ðō\nProto-Italic *manuðō\nLatin mandō\nLatin commendō\n▲\nLatin mandōinflu.\nLatin commandāre\nOld French comander\n[Appendix:Glossary#inherited|Inherited]] from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Italic\", \"term\" : \"*kom\", \"lang\" : \"itc-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Italic\", \"term\" : \"*kom-\", \"lang\" : \"itc-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"con-\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la\" }, { \"id\" : \"hand over\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"der.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Derived from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*(s)meh₂-\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Italic\", \"term\" : \"*manus\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"itc-pro\" }, { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"der.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Derived from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"have put\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"do\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*dʰeh₁-\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*dʰéh₁t\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Italic\", \"term\" : \"*-ðō\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"itc-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Italic\", \"term\" : \"*manuðō\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"itc-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" }, { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"is_duplicate\" : true, \"id\" : \"hand\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : { \"1\" : \"itc-pro\", \"2\" : \":der\", \"3\" : \"ine-pro:*(s)meh₂-\", \"id\" : \"hand\" }, \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Italic\", \"term\" : \"*manus\", \"lang\" : \"itc-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"manus\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la\" }, { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"is_duplicate\" : true, \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : { \"1\" : \"itc-pro\", \"2\" : \":der\", \"3\" : \"ine-pro:*dʰéh₁t<id:have put>\", \"id\" : \"put\" }, \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Italic\", \"term\" : \"*-ðō\", \"lang\" : \"itc-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"-dō\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"afeq\", \"is_invisible\" : \"all\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"mandō\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"commendō\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" }, { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"influ.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Influenced by\", \"terms\" : [ { \"is_duplicate\" : true, \"id\" : \"hand over\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : { \"1\" : \"la\", \"2\" : \":inh\", \"3\" : \"itc-pro:*manuðō\", \"4\" : \":afeq\", \"5\" : \"manus\", \"6\" : \"-dō\", \"id\" : \"hand over\" }, \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"mandō\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"influence\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"commando\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Old French\", \"term\" : \"comander\", \"lang\" : \"fro\" }\" data-id=\"command\" data-lang=\"fro\" data-title=\"comander\" id=\"Old_French:_command\">",
"name": "etymon"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "",
"2": "i",
"3": "I"
},
"expansion": "I",
"name": "yesno"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "la",
"3": "commando",
"4": "commandāre",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Latin commandāre",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "la",
"3": "commando",
"4": "commandāre"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Latin commandāre",
"name": "inh+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *ḱe\nProto-Indo-European *ḱóm\nProto-Italic *kom\nProto-Italic *kom-\nLatin con-\nProto-Indo-European *(s)meh₂-der.\nProto-Italic *manus\nProto-Indo-European *dʰeh₁-\nProto-Indo-European *dʰéh₁tder.\nProto-Italic *-ðō\nProto-Italic *manuðō\nLatin mandō\nLatin commendō\n▲\nLatin mandōinflu.\nLatin commandāre\nOld French comander\nInherited from Latin commandāre, variant of commendāre.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "fro-conj-er",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "comander",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "avoir comandé",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive",
"multiword-construction"
]
},
{
"form": "en comandant",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"gerund"
]
},
{
"form": "gerund of avoir + past participle",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"gerund",
"multiword-construction"
]
},
{
"form": "comandant",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "comandé",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "comant",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "comandes",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "comande",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "comandons",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "comandez",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"plural",
"present",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "comandent",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"plural",
"present",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "comandoie",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"imperfect",
"indicative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "comandeie",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"imperfect",
"indicative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "comandoe",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"imperfect",
"indicative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "comandeve",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"imperfect",
"indicative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "comandoies",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"indicative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "comandeies",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"indicative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "comandoes",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"indicative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "comandeves",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"indicative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "comandoit",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"indicative",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "comandeit",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"indicative",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "comandot",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"indicative",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "comandeve",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"indicative",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "comandiiens",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"imperfect",
"indicative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "comandiens",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"imperfect",
"indicative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "comandiiez",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"indicative",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "comandiez",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"indicative",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "comandoient",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"indicative",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "comandeient",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"indicative",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "comandoent",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"indicative",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "comandevent",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"indicative",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "comandai",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"preterite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "comandas",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"preterite",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "comanda",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"preterite",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "comandames",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"plural",
"preterite"
]
},
{
"form": "comandastes",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"plural",
"preterite",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "comanderent",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"plural",
"preterite",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "comanderai",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"future",
"indicative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "comanderas",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"indicative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "comandera",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"indicative",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "comanderons",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"future",
"indicative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "comanderoiz",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"indicative",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "comandereiz",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"indicative",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "comanderez",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"indicative",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "comanderont",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"indicative",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "comanderoie",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"first-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "comandereie",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"first-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "comanderoies",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "comandereies",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "comanderoit",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "comandereit",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "comanderiiens",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"first-person",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "comanderiens",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"first-person",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "comanderiiez",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "comanderiez",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "comanderoient",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "comandereient",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "present tense of avoir + past participle",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"multiword-construction",
"perfect",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "imperfect tense of avoir + past participle",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"multiword-construction",
"pluperfect"
]
},
{
"form": "preterite tense of avoir + past participle",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"anterior",
"indicative",
"multiword-construction",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "future tense of avoir + past participle",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"indicative",
"multiword-construction",
"perfect"
]
},
{
"form": "conditional tense of avoir + past participle",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"multiword-construction",
"perfect"
]
},
{
"form": "comant",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "comanz",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "comant",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "comandons",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"plural",
"present",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "comandez",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"second-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "comandent",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "comandasse",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"imperfect",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "comandasses",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"second-person",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "comandast",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"singular",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "comandissons",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"imperfect",
"plural",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "comandissiens",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"imperfect",
"plural",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "comandissoiz",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"plural",
"second-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "comandissez",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"plural",
"second-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "comandissiez",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"plural",
"second-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "comandassent",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"plural",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "present subjunctive of avoir + past participle",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"multiword-construction",
"past",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"multiword-construction",
"pluperfect",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "comande",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "comandons",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"imperative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "comandez",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "cumander",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "conmander",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "verb"
},
"expansion": "comander",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "fro-conj-er"
}
],
"lang": "Old French",
"lang_code": "fro",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "24 18 24 16 19",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old French entries with etymology trees",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to command, to implore"
],
"id": "en-comander-fro-verb-tTWIDHNy",
"links": [
[
"command",
"command"
],
[
"implore",
"implore"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "24 18 24 16 19",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old French entries with etymology trees",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "17 15 39 13 16",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old French entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "15 20 26 18 21",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old French verbs with weak-a preterite",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to request, to ask for"
],
"id": "en-comander-fro-verb-EMtKnugU",
"links": [
[
"request",
"request"
],
[
"ask",
"ask"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "24 18 24 16 19",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old French entries with etymology trees",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to ask (a question)"
],
"id": "en-comander-fro-verb-bM5NtvAk",
"links": [
[
"ask",
"ask"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "24 18 24 16 19",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old French entries with etymology trees",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
26,
32
]
],
"english": "Then she said \"to God I recommend you\"",
"ref": "c. 1170, Chrétien de Troyes, Érec et Énide:",
"text": "Puis lor dist: \"A Deu vos comant!\"",
"translation": "Then she said \"to God I recommend you\"",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to recommend"
],
"id": "en-comander-fro-verb-ha-3xSYq",
"links": [
[
"recommend",
"recommend"
]
]
}
],
"word": "comander"
}
{
"categories": [
"Old French entries with etymology trees",
"Old French entries with incorrect language header",
"Old French first group verbs",
"Old French lemmas",
"Old French terms derived from Latin",
"Old French terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Old French terms derived from Proto-Italic",
"Old French terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *(s)meh₂-",
"Old French terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *dʰeh₁-",
"Old French terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European word *ḱóm",
"Old French terms inherited from Latin",
"Old French verbs",
"Old French verbs ending in -er",
"Old French verbs with weak-a preterite",
"Pages using etymon with no ID",
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Pages with etymology trees"
],
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Haitian Creole",
"lang_code": "ht",
"word": "kòmande"
},
{
"lang": "Northern Kurdish",
"lang_code": "kmr",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "komandar"
},
{
"lang": "Portuguese",
"lang_code": "pt",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "comandar"
},
{
"lang": "Romanian",
"lang_code": "ro",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "comanda"
}
],
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"word": "commander"
}
],
"lang": "Middle French",
"lang_code": "frm",
"word": "commander"
},
{
"lang": "Norman",
"lang_code": "nrm",
"word": "c'mander"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"word": "command"
},
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "command"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "comaunden"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"word": "command"
},
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "command"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "comanden"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"word": "command"
},
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "command"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "commaunden"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"word": "command"
},
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "command"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "commanden"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"word": "command"
},
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "command"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "comaunde"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"word": "command"
},
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "command"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "comande"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"word": "command"
},
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "command"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "commaunde"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": ":inh",
"3": "la:commando<alt:commandāre>",
"id": "command",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *ḱe\nProto-Indo-European *ḱóm\nProto-Italic *kom\nProto-Italic *kom-\nLatin con-\nProto-Indo-European *(s)meh₂-der.\nProto-Italic *manus\nProto-Indo-European *dʰeh₁-\nProto-Indo-European *dʰéh₁tder.\nProto-Italic *-ðō\nProto-Italic *manuðō\nLatin mandō\nLatin commendō\n▲\nLatin mandōinflu.\nLatin commandāre\nOld French comander\n[Appendix:Glossary#inherited|Inherited]] from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Italic\", \"term\" : \"*kom\", \"lang\" : \"itc-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Italic\", \"term\" : \"*kom-\", \"lang\" : \"itc-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"con-\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la\" }, { \"id\" : \"hand over\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"der.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Derived from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*(s)meh₂-\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Italic\", \"term\" : \"*manus\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"itc-pro\" }, { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"der.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Derived from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"have put\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"do\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*dʰeh₁-\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*dʰéh₁t\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Italic\", \"term\" : \"*-ðō\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"itc-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Italic\", \"term\" : \"*manuðō\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"itc-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" }, { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"is_duplicate\" : true, \"id\" : \"hand\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : { \"1\" : \"itc-pro\", \"2\" : \":der\", \"3\" : \"ine-pro:*(s)meh₂-\", \"id\" : \"hand\" }, \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Italic\", \"term\" : \"*manus\", \"lang\" : \"itc-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"manus\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la\" }, { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"is_duplicate\" : true, \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : { \"1\" : \"itc-pro\", \"2\" : \":der\", \"3\" : \"ine-pro:*dʰéh₁t<id:have put>\", \"id\" : \"put\" }, \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Italic\", \"term\" : \"*-ðō\", \"lang\" : \"itc-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"-dō\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"afeq\", \"is_invisible\" : \"all\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"mandō\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"commendō\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" }, { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"influ.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Influenced by\", \"terms\" : [ { \"is_duplicate\" : true, \"id\" : \"hand over\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : { \"1\" : \"la\", \"2\" : \":inh\", \"3\" : \"itc-pro:*manuðō\", \"4\" : \":afeq\", \"5\" : \"manus\", \"6\" : \"-dō\", \"id\" : \"hand over\" }, \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"mandō\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"influence\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"commando\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Old French\", \"term\" : \"comander\", \"lang\" : \"fro\" }\" data-id=\"command\" data-lang=\"fro\" data-title=\"comander\" id=\"Old_French:_command\">",
"name": "etymon"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "",
"2": "i",
"3": "I"
},
"expansion": "I",
"name": "yesno"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "la",
"3": "commando",
"4": "commandāre",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Latin commandāre",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "la",
"3": "commando",
"4": "commandāre"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Latin commandāre",
"name": "inh+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *ḱe\nProto-Indo-European *ḱóm\nProto-Italic *kom\nProto-Italic *kom-\nLatin con-\nProto-Indo-European *(s)meh₂-der.\nProto-Italic *manus\nProto-Indo-European *dʰeh₁-\nProto-Indo-European *dʰéh₁tder.\nProto-Italic *-ðō\nProto-Italic *manuðō\nLatin mandō\nLatin commendō\n▲\nLatin mandōinflu.\nLatin commandāre\nOld French comander\nInherited from Latin commandāre, variant of commendāre.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "fro-conj-er",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "comander",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "avoir comandé",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive",
"multiword-construction"
]
},
{
"form": "en comandant",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"gerund"
]
},
{
"form": "gerund of avoir + past participle",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"gerund",
"multiword-construction"
]
},
{
"form": "comandant",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "comandé",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "comant",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "comandes",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "comande",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "comandons",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "comandez",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"plural",
"present",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "comandent",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"plural",
"present",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "comandoie",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"imperfect",
"indicative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "comandeie",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"imperfect",
"indicative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "comandoe",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"imperfect",
"indicative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "comandeve",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"imperfect",
"indicative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "comandoies",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"indicative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "comandeies",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"indicative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "comandoes",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"indicative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "comandeves",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"indicative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "comandoit",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"indicative",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "comandeit",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"indicative",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "comandot",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"indicative",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "comandeve",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"indicative",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "comandiiens",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"imperfect",
"indicative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "comandiens",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"imperfect",
"indicative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "comandiiez",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"indicative",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "comandiez",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"indicative",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "comandoient",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"indicative",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "comandeient",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"indicative",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "comandoent",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"indicative",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "comandevent",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"indicative",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "comandai",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"preterite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "comandas",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"preterite",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "comanda",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"preterite",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "comandames",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"plural",
"preterite"
]
},
{
"form": "comandastes",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"plural",
"preterite",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "comanderent",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"plural",
"preterite",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "comanderai",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"future",
"indicative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "comanderas",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"indicative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "comandera",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"indicative",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "comanderons",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"future",
"indicative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "comanderoiz",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"indicative",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "comandereiz",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"indicative",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "comanderez",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"indicative",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "comanderont",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"indicative",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "comanderoie",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"first-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "comandereie",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"first-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "comanderoies",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "comandereies",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "comanderoit",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "comandereit",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "comanderiiens",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"first-person",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "comanderiens",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"first-person",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "comanderiiez",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "comanderiez",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "comanderoient",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "comandereient",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "present tense of avoir + past participle",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"multiword-construction",
"perfect",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "imperfect tense of avoir + past participle",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"multiword-construction",
"pluperfect"
]
},
{
"form": "preterite tense of avoir + past participle",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"anterior",
"indicative",
"multiword-construction",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "future tense of avoir + past participle",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"indicative",
"multiword-construction",
"perfect"
]
},
{
"form": "conditional tense of avoir + past participle",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"multiword-construction",
"perfect"
]
},
{
"form": "comant",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "comanz",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "comant",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "comandons",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"plural",
"present",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "comandez",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"second-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "comandent",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "comandasse",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"imperfect",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "comandasses",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"second-person",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "comandast",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"singular",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "comandissons",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"imperfect",
"plural",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "comandissiens",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"imperfect",
"plural",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "comandissoiz",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"plural",
"second-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "comandissez",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"plural",
"second-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "comandissiez",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"plural",
"second-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "comandassent",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"plural",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "present subjunctive of avoir + past participle",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"multiword-construction",
"past",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"multiword-construction",
"pluperfect",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "comande",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "comandons",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"imperative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "comandez",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "cumander",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "conmander",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "verb"
},
"expansion": "comander",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "fro-conj-er"
}
],
"lang": "Old French",
"lang_code": "fro",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"to command, to implore"
],
"links": [
[
"command",
"command"
],
[
"implore",
"implore"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"to request, to ask for"
],
"links": [
[
"request",
"request"
],
[
"ask",
"ask"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"to ask (a question)"
],
"links": [
[
"ask",
"ask"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Old French terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
26,
32
]
],
"english": "Then she said \"to God I recommend you\"",
"ref": "c. 1170, Chrétien de Troyes, Érec et Énide:",
"text": "Puis lor dist: \"A Deu vos comant!\"",
"translation": "Then she said \"to God I recommend you\"",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to recommend"
],
"links": [
[
"recommend",
"recommend"
]
]
}
],
"word": "comander"
}
Download raw JSONL data for comander meaning in Old French (18.5kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Old French dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-05-23 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-05-01 using wiktextract (8336b26 and ae80fde). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.